Alphabetical list of chemistry concepts
The concepts that Prof Bob has talked about so far
Click on the module number to go directly to the module. Bold numbers refer to the main sites of discussion of concepts.
To go directly to those concepts whose names begin with a particular letter of the alphabet, click on the letter here ...
Absorbance of coloured solutions 2204, 2201
Absorption spectrum,
infrared 2706
visible 2201, 2203
Acetic acid
speciation in aqueous solution as pH is changed 0908
Acid-base reactions
as competition process 0508
language issues 0508
"Allowed" energy levels 2201, 2203
Amnesia of the teaching profession, PCK TC0701
Amount of substance 0501, 0502
Anthropomorphism, as an explanatory device 0508
Antisymmetric stretching, vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Aquated ions 0905, 0908
Aqueous solutions Chapter 09 and see Solutions
Aquation of ions 0905, 0906
Atmosphere of Earth
greenhouse effect, climate change Chapter 27
Atomic number, Z 0201
Atomic theory of matter 0200, 0201
Atoms
building blocks of molecules 0200, 0201
composition of 0201
Avogadro constant 0501, 0502, 0503
Avogadro number 0501
Absorption spectrum,
infrared 2706
visible 2201, 2203
Acetic acid
speciation in aqueous solution as pH is changed 0908
Acid-base reactions
as competition process 0508
language issues 0508
"Allowed" energy levels 2201, 2203
Amnesia of the teaching profession, PCK TC0701
Amount of substance 0501, 0502
Anthropomorphism, as an explanatory device 0508
Antisymmetric stretching, vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Aquated ions 0905, 0908
Aqueous solutions Chapter 09 and see Solutions
Aquation of ions 0905, 0906
Atmosphere of Earth
greenhouse effect, climate change Chapter 27
Atomic number, Z 0201
Atomic theory of matter 0200, 0201
Atoms
building blocks of molecules 0200, 0201
composition of 0201
Avogadro constant 0501, 0502, 0503
Avogadro number 0501
Balanced chemical equations 0505
and see Chemical equations
Beer's law 2204
pedagogical content knowledge related to PCK2204
Bending vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Black-body radiation 2708
Bohr, Niels 2201
and see Chemical equations
Beer's law 2204
pedagogical content knowledge related to PCK2204
Bending vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Black-body radiation 2708
Bohr, Niels 2201
Carbon dioxide
in Earth's atmosphere Chapter 27
from cars 2711
concentrations before the Industrial Revolution 2702
effect on Earth's energy balance 2704, 2705
good or bad? 2704
greenhouse effect 2705, 2706
concentration and temperature, enhanced greenhouse effect 2707
Why doesn't it absorb radiation coming from the sun? 2708
Why does it absorb infrared radiation (but nitrogen and oxygen do not)? 2709
IR spectrum 2201, 2706, 2709
Carbonic acid
speciation in aqueous solution as pH is changed 0908
Chemical amount 0501, 0502, 0503
Chemical equations Chapter 05
As distinct from chemical reactions 0500
balanced 0505
What can they tell us, and what can they not tell us? 0505
For reactions of ions in solutions of ionic salts 0908
To deduce limiting reactants 0506
Chemical equilibrium (and see equilibrium, equilibrium constant) Chapter 11
dynamic, visualizing 1101
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1101
ionisation of weak electrolytes in solution 0909, 0910
jargon 1102
law of 0913, 1103
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
"position", shift of 1102
pedagogical content knowledge Chapter PCK11
Chemical formulas, interpretation of 0504
Chemical reactions Chapter 05
as distinct from chemical equations 0500
limiting reactants in 0505
Chemical species See Species, chemical
Classification of matter 0202
Climate change Chapter 27
Coloured solutions, absorbance 2203, 2204
Colloidal dispersions 0901
Combustion, carbon dioxide from 2711
Communication in chemistry (see language) 1102, TC05,
Competition, in chemical processes 0508, 1101
dissolving ionic salts 0508, 0905, 0906
acid-base reactions 0508
oxidation-reduction reactions 0508
complexation reactions 0508
miscibility of molecular liquids 0902, 0903
reactions as competition 0508, 1101
Complexation reactions
as competitive processes 0508
Compton, Arthur 2202
Concentrated (Meanings of concentrated, dilute, strong, weak) 0911
Concentration of solutions 0907
vs. concentraton of species in solution 0912
Concentration of species vs. concentration of solution 0912
Concepts, interdependence of 0201
Conservation of matter/atoms/mass, law of 0505
Covalent molecular compounds
Interpreting chemical formulas of 0504
Electrolytes or non-electrolytes? 0909
in Earth's atmosphere Chapter 27
from cars 2711
concentrations before the Industrial Revolution 2702
effect on Earth's energy balance 2704, 2705
good or bad? 2704
greenhouse effect 2705, 2706
concentration and temperature, enhanced greenhouse effect 2707
Why doesn't it absorb radiation coming from the sun? 2708
Why does it absorb infrared radiation (but nitrogen and oxygen do not)? 2709
IR spectrum 2201, 2706, 2709
Carbonic acid
speciation in aqueous solution as pH is changed 0908
Chemical amount 0501, 0502, 0503
Chemical equations Chapter 05
As distinct from chemical reactions 0500
balanced 0505
What can they tell us, and what can they not tell us? 0505
For reactions of ions in solutions of ionic salts 0908
To deduce limiting reactants 0506
Chemical equilibrium (and see equilibrium, equilibrium constant) Chapter 11
dynamic, visualizing 1101
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1101
ionisation of weak electrolytes in solution 0909, 0910
jargon 1102
law of 0913, 1103
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
"position", shift of 1102
pedagogical content knowledge Chapter PCK11
Chemical formulas, interpretation of 0504
Chemical reactions Chapter 05
as distinct from chemical equations 0500
limiting reactants in 0505
Chemical species See Species, chemical
Classification of matter 0202
Climate change Chapter 27
Coloured solutions, absorbance 2203, 2204
Colloidal dispersions 0901
Combustion, carbon dioxide from 2711
Communication in chemistry (see language) 1102, TC05,
Competition, in chemical processes 0508, 1101
dissolving ionic salts 0508, 0905, 0906
acid-base reactions 0508
oxidation-reduction reactions 0508
complexation reactions 0508
miscibility of molecular liquids 0902, 0903
reactions as competition 0508, 1101
Complexation reactions
as competitive processes 0508
Compton, Arthur 2202
Concentrated (Meanings of concentrated, dilute, strong, weak) 0911
Concentration of solutions 0907
vs. concentraton of species in solution 0912
Concentration of species vs. concentration of solution 0912
Concepts, interdependence of 0201
Conservation of matter/atoms/mass, law of 0505
Covalent molecular compounds
Interpreting chemical formulas of 0504
Electrolytes or non-electrolytes? 0909
Dalton, John 0200
Dilute (Meanings of concentrated, dilute, strong, weak) 0911
Dipole moment
change during molecular vibrations 2709
'Direction' of reaction 1102
Dispersion forces between molecules 0902
Dissolving ionic salts in water
as a competitive process 0508, 0905, 0906
Prediction of solubilities 0909
Chemical species in 0908
"Driving forces"
and miscibility of liquids 0902
"Dual nature" of light 2202
Dynamic chemical equilibrium See equilibrium, chemical equilibrium
Dilute (Meanings of concentrated, dilute, strong, weak) 0911
Dipole moment
change during molecular vibrations 2709
'Direction' of reaction 1102
Dispersion forces between molecules 0902
Dissolving ionic salts in water
as a competitive process 0508, 0905, 0906
Prediction of solubilities 0909
Chemical species in 0908
"Driving forces"
and miscibility of liquids 0902
"Dual nature" of light 2202
Dynamic chemical equilibrium See equilibrium, chemical equilibrium
Earth
energy balance 2701
temperature, average, at surface 2701
Electrolytes
or non-electrolytes? 0909
strong or weak? 0909, 0910
quantitative treatment of weak electrolytes 0913
Electromagnetic spectrum 2201, 2706
Electrons
quantised energy levels 2201
in atoms 0201
competition for, in oxidation-reduction reactions 0508
Elements 0201
Emission spectra of atomic substances 2201
Entropy 0902, 0906
Energy
associated with forces of attraction between molecules 0902
Energy balance, at surface of Earth 2701
effect of carbon dioxide on 2704, 2705
Enhanced greenhouse effect 2707
Environmental chemistry
atmosphere (greenhouse gases, climate change Chapter 27
Equations See Chemical equations
Equilibrium Chapter 11
dynamic chemical equilibrium, visualizing 1101
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1101
jargon related to 1102
law of 0913, 1103, T04
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
"position", shift of 1102
Equilibrium constant, K 0913, 1103, 0505
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
Ethanoic acid See acetic acid
'Excitation' of energy 2203
'Excited' hydrogen atoms, line emission spectrum 2201
energy balance 2701
temperature, average, at surface 2701
Electrolytes
or non-electrolytes? 0909
strong or weak? 0909, 0910
quantitative treatment of weak electrolytes 0913
Electromagnetic spectrum 2201, 2706
Electrons
quantised energy levels 2201
in atoms 0201
competition for, in oxidation-reduction reactions 0508
Elements 0201
Emission spectra of atomic substances 2201
Entropy 0902, 0906
Energy
associated with forces of attraction between molecules 0902
Energy balance, at surface of Earth 2701
effect of carbon dioxide on 2704, 2705
Enhanced greenhouse effect 2707
Environmental chemistry
atmosphere (greenhouse gases, climate change Chapter 27
Equations See Chemical equations
Equilibrium Chapter 11
dynamic chemical equilibrium, visualizing 1101
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1101
jargon related to 1102
law of 0913, 1103, T04
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
"position", shift of 1102
Equilibrium constant, K 0913, 1103, 0505
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
Ethanoic acid See acetic acid
'Excitation' of energy 2203
'Excited' hydrogen atoms, line emission spectrum 2201
Formulas See chemical formulas
Global warming Chapter 27
Greenhouse effect Chapter 27
capture and emission of photons by CO2 2705
enhanced greenhouse effect 2707
natural greenhouse effect 2707
Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere Chapter 27
most important 2705
Greenhouse effect Chapter 27
capture and emission of photons by CO2 2705
enhanced greenhouse effect 2707
natural greenhouse effect 2707
Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere Chapter 27
most important 2705
Homogeneous mixtures 0901
Heterogeneous mixtures 0901
Huygens, Christiaan 2202
Hydration, hydrated ions See aquation, aquated ions
Hydration enthalpy (energy) 0906
Hydrogen
atoms, line emission spectrum from 2201
Heterogeneous mixtures 0901
Huygens, Christiaan 2202
Hydration, hydrated ions See aquation, aquated ions
Hydration enthalpy (energy) 0906
Hydrogen
atoms, line emission spectrum from 2201
Industrial Revolution
carbon dioxide concentrations 2702, 2707
Infrared active molecules 2709
Infrared spectroscopy 2201
Infrared spectrum
carbon dioxide 2709, 2710
water 2710
Intensive properties 0907
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) 0501, 0503
Compendium of Chemical Terminology (IUPAC Green Book) 0501, 0503
Ionic compounds/salts
Interpreting chemical formulas of 0504
Structure of 0905
Solutions in water
The dissolution process 0905, 0906
Solubilities, prediction of 0906
Electrolytes or non-electrolytes? 0909
Chemical species from 0908
Ionisation of solutes in solution 0909, 0910, 0913
Isomers 0201
Isotopes, of the elements 0201
IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) 0501, 0503
Compendium of Chemical Terminology (IUPAC Green Book) 0501, 0503, 0908
carbon dioxide concentrations 2702, 2707
Infrared active molecules 2709
Infrared spectroscopy 2201
Infrared spectrum
carbon dioxide 2709, 2710
water 2710
Intensive properties 0907
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) 0501, 0503
Compendium of Chemical Terminology (IUPAC Green Book) 0501, 0503
Ionic compounds/salts
Interpreting chemical formulas of 0504
Structure of 0905
Solutions in water
The dissolution process 0905, 0906
Solubilities, prediction of 0906
Electrolytes or non-electrolytes? 0909
Chemical species from 0908
Ionisation of solutes in solution 0909, 0910, 0913
Isomers 0201
Isotopes, of the elements 0201
IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) 0501, 0503
Compendium of Chemical Terminology (IUPAC Green Book) 0501, 0503, 0908
Language of chemistry, communication issues in chemistry TC01
Jargon in chemistry TC0101
Chemical equations vs. chemical reactions 0500
Names, symbols labels: various meanings of the term "oxygen" 0201
Chemical species, analogy 0908
Acid-bases reactions 0508
Oxidation-reduction reactions 0508
Weak electrolytes: stronger and weaker 0910
Weak electrolyte definition 0910
Concentrated, dilute, weak, strong 0911
Concentration: Species concentration vs. solution concentration 0912
Dynamic chemical equilibrium, related to 1102
Pedagogical content knowledge PCK1101
Equilibrium constant 1103
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
Lattice enthalpy (lattice energy) 0906
Law of conservation of atoms/matter/mass 0505
Law of equilibrium 0913, 1103
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
Law of mass action See: law of equilibrium
Law of miscibility of molecular liquids (Prof Bob's) 0902, 0903
Ligands
competition for, in complexation reactions 0508
Light: Wave-particle "duality" 2202
Like dissolves like (miscibility of liquids) 0902, 0903
Limiting reactants 0506
Line emission spectra from 'excited' atoms 2201
Liquids
miscibility of liquids in each other 0902, 0903
Jargon in chemistry TC0101
Chemical equations vs. chemical reactions 0500
Names, symbols labels: various meanings of the term "oxygen" 0201
Chemical species, analogy 0908
Acid-bases reactions 0508
Oxidation-reduction reactions 0508
Weak electrolytes: stronger and weaker 0910
Weak electrolyte definition 0910
Concentrated, dilute, weak, strong 0911
Concentration: Species concentration vs. solution concentration 0912
Dynamic chemical equilibrium, related to 1102
Pedagogical content knowledge PCK1101
Equilibrium constant 1103
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
Lattice enthalpy (lattice energy) 0906
Law of conservation of atoms/matter/mass 0505
Law of equilibrium 0913, 1103
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
Law of mass action See: law of equilibrium
Law of miscibility of molecular liquids (Prof Bob's) 0902, 0903
Ligands
competition for, in complexation reactions 0508
Light: Wave-particle "duality" 2202
Like dissolves like (miscibility of liquids) 0902, 0903
Limiting reactants 0506
Line emission spectra from 'excited' atoms 2201
Liquids
miscibility of liquids in each other 0902, 0903
Matter Chapter 02
What is it? 0201, 0200
Classification of 0202
Microwave spectra 2201
Miscibility of liquids 0902, 0903
partial miscibility 0903
Mixtures
Solutions or not? 0901
Homogenous and heterogeneous 0901
Modelling
of dynamic chemical equilibrium 1101
light as waves or particles 2202
Molar concentration (see Molarity)
Molar mass 0501
Molarity 0907
Mole: unit of measurement of chemical amount 0501, 0502, 0503
Molecules
composition of 0201
What is it? 0201, 0200
Classification of 0202
Microwave spectra 2201
Miscibility of liquids 0902, 0903
partial miscibility 0903
Mixtures
Solutions or not? 0901
Homogenous and heterogeneous 0901
Modelling
of dynamic chemical equilibrium 1101
light as waves or particles 2202
Molar concentration (see Molarity)
Molar mass 0501
Molarity 0907
Mole: unit of measurement of chemical amount 0501, 0502, 0503
Molecules
composition of 0201
Natural greenhouse effect 2707
Net rate of reaction 1102
Net reaction 1102
Neutrons 0201
Newton, Isaac 2202
Nitrogen
not a greenhouse gas. Why doesn't it absorb IR radiations? 2709
Non-polar liquids
miscibility in other liquids 0902, 0903
Net rate of reaction 1102
Net reaction 1102
Neutrons 0201
Newton, Isaac 2202
Nitrogen
not a greenhouse gas. Why doesn't it absorb IR radiations? 2709
Non-polar liquids
miscibility in other liquids 0902, 0903
Oxidation-reduction reactions
as competition process 0508
language issues 0508
Oxygen
not a greenhouse gas. Why doesn't it absorb IR radiations? 2709
as competition process 0508
language issues 0508
Oxygen
not a greenhouse gas. Why doesn't it absorb IR radiations? 2709
Partial miscibility of liquids 0903
PCK See pedagogical content knowledge
module-specific MODULE-SPECIFIC PCK
Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in chemistry TC07
'Perturbation' of reaction mixtures at equilibrium 1102
Photons 2202
Photoelectric effect 2202
Planck constant (h) 2202
Polar liquids
miscibility in other liquids 0902, 0903
"Position" of equilibrium 1102
Prof Bob's law of miscibility of molecular liquids 0902, 0903
Protons 0201
competition for, in acid-base reactions 0508
PCK See pedagogical content knowledge
module-specific MODULE-SPECIFIC PCK
Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in chemistry TC07
'Perturbation' of reaction mixtures at equilibrium 1102
Photons 2202
Photoelectric effect 2202
Planck constant (h) 2202
Polar liquids
miscibility in other liquids 0902, 0903
"Position" of equilibrium 1102
Prof Bob's law of miscibility of molecular liquids 0902, 0903
Protons 0201
competition for, in acid-base reactions 0508
Q, reaction quotient 0913, 1100, 1103
Quantization of energy 2200, 2201, 2203
electron energy 2201, 2203
rotational energy 2201
vibrational energy 2201, 2706
Quantization of energy 2200, 2201, 2203
electron energy 2201, 2203
rotational energy 2201
vibrational energy 2201, 2706
Radiation
black-body radiation 2708
from Sun to Earth, and from earth to space 2701, 2708
Rate of reaction 1102
net rate of reaction 1102
reactant species 1102
'reactants' and 'products' of reaction 1102
Reaction See chemical reaction
Reaction quotient, Q 0505, 0913, 1103
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
Reversible reaction 1102
Rotational energy of molecules
quantisation of, and microwave spectra 2201
black-body radiation 2708
from Sun to Earth, and from earth to space 2701, 2708
Rate of reaction 1102
net rate of reaction 1102
reactant species 1102
'reactants' and 'products' of reaction 1102
Reaction See chemical reaction
Reaction quotient, Q 0505, 0913, 1103
pedagogical content knowledge PCK1103
Reversible reaction 1102
Rotational energy of molecules
quantisation of, and microwave spectra 2201
'shifts to the left', 'shifts to the right' 1102
Sodium chloride
crystal structure 0905
melting 0905
dissolving in water 0905, 0906
Solubility
of ionic salts in water 0508, 0905, 0906
of liquids in each other, See miscibility
Solubility "rules" for ionic salts in water 0906
Solutes
solute concentration 0907
electrolytes or non-electrolytes? 0909
Solutions, aqueous Chapter 09
What is a solution? What is not? 0901
Concentrations of solutions 0907
vs. concentrations of species in solution 0912
Speciation 0908
Species, chemical 0908, 0912
Species concentration in solution 0912
Spectra, emission and absorption 2201
Spectroscopy Chapter 22, 2200, 2201
infrared 2201
microwave 2201
UV-visible 2201, 2203
Spontaneous direction of net reaction 1102
Stoichiometry 0505, 0506
Stretching vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Strong (Meanings of concentrated, dilute, strong, weak) 0911
Strong electrolytes 0910
Stuff Chapter 02, See matter
Suspensions 0901
Symmetric stretching, vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Sodium chloride
crystal structure 0905
melting 0905
dissolving in water 0905, 0906
Solubility
of ionic salts in water 0508, 0905, 0906
of liquids in each other, See miscibility
Solubility "rules" for ionic salts in water 0906
Solutes
solute concentration 0907
electrolytes or non-electrolytes? 0909
Solutions, aqueous Chapter 09
What is a solution? What is not? 0901
Concentrations of solutions 0907
vs. concentrations of species in solution 0912
Speciation 0908
Species, chemical 0908, 0912
Species concentration in solution 0912
Spectra, emission and absorption 2201
Spectroscopy Chapter 22, 2200, 2201
infrared 2201
microwave 2201
UV-visible 2201, 2203
Spontaneous direction of net reaction 1102
Stoichiometry 0505, 0506
Stretching vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Strong (Meanings of concentrated, dilute, strong, weak) 0911
Strong electrolytes 0910
Stuff Chapter 02, See matter
Suspensions 0901
Symmetric stretching, vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Transmittance of coloured solutions 2204
Vibrational energy in molecules
quantisation of 2201, 2706
Vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Visible spectroscopy 2203
Visualization
of dynamic chemical equilibrium 1101
quantisation of 2201, 2706
Vibrational modes of molecules 2709
Visible spectroscopy 2203
Visualization
of dynamic chemical equilibrium 1101
Water
polarity of water molecules 0905
role in dissolving ionic salts 0905, 0906
Weak (Meanings of concentrated, dilute, strong, weak) 0911
Weak electrolytes
vs. strong 0910
quantitative, % ionisation 0913
White light 2201
polarity of water molecules 0905
role in dissolving ionic salts 0905, 0906
Weak (Meanings of concentrated, dilute, strong, weak) 0911
Weak electrolytes
vs. strong 0910
quantitative, % ionisation 0913
White light 2201
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